ABB集团(ABB Group)

2009-01-16 10:56:59 作者:ABB中国 来源:ABB CHINA 浏览次数:0 网友评论 0

ABB集团(ABB Group),全称Asea Brown Boveri Ltd,位列全球500强企业的电力和自动化技术领域的全球领先公司.NYSE:ABB

 ABB    ABB集团(ABB Group),全称是阿西布朗勃法瑞(Asea Brown Boveri Ltd)ABB集团位列全球500强企业。集团总部位于瑞士苏黎世,并在苏黎世、斯德哥尔摩和纽约证券交易所(NYSE:ABB)上市交易。ABB由两个历史100多年的国际性企业-瑞典的阿西亚公司(ASEA)和瑞士的布朗 勃法瑞公司(BBC Brown Boveri) 在1988年合并而来的。ABB集团是一个业务遍及全球的电气工程集团,ABB集团是电力和自动化技术领域的全球领先公司,致力于为工业和电力行业客户提供解决方案,以帮助客户提高业绩,同时降低对环境的不良影响。ABB集团的业务遍布全球100多个国家,拥有107,000名员工。为全球100多个国家的顾客提供服务。ABB集团超过一半的营业额来自欧洲市场;近四分之一来自亚洲、中东和非洲;五分之一强来自南北美洲市场。
  ABB集团下设三个业务部门,分别为电力技术自动化技术石油,天然气,石化行业
  
  ABB集团发展历程
  1987年8月,瑞典的ASEA AB公司与瑞士Baden的BBC Brown Boveri宣布了将要合作成立ABB Asea Brown Boveri有限公司的消息,公司总部将设在瑞士的苏黎世,原先的两家公司各自拥有50%的股份。
  1988年1月5日合并后的新公司开始营业,在营业的第一年中,公司共收购了15家公司,其中包括瑞典的环保监控公司FlAB公司,意大利的合作公司Sadelmi/Cogepi公司,丹麦的铁路产品制造公司Scandia-Randers A/S公司。
  1989年12月,ABB公司最终收购了负责全球能源传输的美国西屋Westinghouse电力部门。同样是在12月,ABB公司宣布已经达成了购买康涅尼格洲负责热工业业务的Stamford集团公司的协议。在1989年中,ABB公司共买下了大约40多家其他公司。
  1990年,ABB公司开始雄心勃勃地将业务范围扩展到了中欧和东欧地区,并准备将业务范围扩展到亚洲地区,而在美国和西欧地区的收购活动逐渐减慢,转而从事合并和重组的活动。
  1991年,在中欧和东欧地区继续进行投资,到这一年底,ABB公司在那些地区的雇员大约有10000名。越来越广泛的重组活动是为了满足在北美和欧洲的部分地区经济衰退的需要。这一年,ABB公司在研究和发展上面的投资增加了20%。
  1992年,公司裁员的速度继续加快,雇员人数减少了14000名,在中欧和东欧地区的雇员人数增加到了20000名,分布在30多家分公司。在亚洲,通过联合风险投资、收购、greenfield投资的方式开设了20多家分公司和服务部门。在中国成立第一家合资公司.
  1993年,ABB集团公司继续执行在欧洲(包括前苏联)、美洲和亚太地区开拓业务的策略。ABB公司开发的GT24/GT26煤气涡轮技术在全球开拓了高能低消耗的新型涡轮技术的市场。
  1994 年,ABB公司为了更大的产量和利润开始了为期两年的巩固阶段。在西欧和北美地区,需要开发更广阔的身材促使公司不断开设下属部门,公司的主要精力放在了迅速发展服务内容和开发新型产品上面。在亚洲,ABB公司拥有30000名员工,100多家生产、工程、服务以及生产开发中心。
  1995 年,ABB公司继续通过国内业务的扩大、收购其他公司和风险投资来扩展在亚洲、中欧和东欧地区的业务活动。ABB公司还宣布与德国的Daimler- Benz AG公司进行联合风险投资,双方各占50%。1996年1月1日,ABB公司当选为欧洲技术和管理最先进的公司。
  1997年, ABB公司宣布加速发展在亚洲地区的业务以提高在西欧的业务活动,ABB公司减少了西欧和美洲的10000工作机会,在最后一个季度花费8500万美元来进行重组。ABB公司同Industri Kapital签署了一个协议,在瑞典和德国进行电线杆和电线的业务活动。
  1998年2月25日,ABB公司开设了世界上第一家高压发电厂。
  1998年6月17日,ABB公司收购了Alfa Laval自动化公司。
  1998年8月12日,ABB公司为了适应市场发展潮流重组了公司的商业部门。
  1998年10月14日,ABB公司收购了Elsag Bailey公司的全部股份,目的是为了促进自动化工业的发展。
  1999年1月21日,ABB公司收购了美国与能源产业有关的一些金融服务公司。
  1999年2月4日,ABB公司和ALSTOM公司联合成为世界上能源发电的具有指导地位的公司。
  1999年12月29日,ABB公司将负责核工业的部门出售给了BNFL公司。
  2000年3月16日,ABB公司举办了第一届年度会议。
  2000年3月27日,ABB公司与投资者及合作者开辟了B-B电子的商务活动来促进欧洲的业务发展。
  2000年5月2日,ABB公司出售核工业部门给BNFL公司的活动停止。
  2000年5月11日,ABB公司将股份出售给ALSTOM能源公司的活动结束。
  2000年6月8日,ABB公司意识到在可更新能源业务活动发展上可以获得十亿多美元的利润。
  2000年9月12日,ABB集团(ABB Group)为中国石油化工集团公司投资了1亿美元。
  2000年10月5日,ABB公司与美国的合作者开始联合风险投资,开始从事信息技术产业。
  2000年10月25日,ABB公司在复合环境业务方面获得了巨大了成就。
  2000年10月30日,ABB公司与俄罗斯现代炼油公司签署了2亿美元的协议。
  2000年11月30日,ABB公司在新加坡开设了信息技术与自动化研究中心。
  2000年12月1日,ABB集团(ABB Group)与朝鲜签署了合作的协议。
  2000年12月14日,ABB集团2000年的定单额为254.4亿美元,净收入为14.43亿美元,同比增长6%完成转让其在ABB阿尔斯通动力公司所持有的50%股份及核电业务。在美国清洁燃料的业务获得了一亿六千万美元的利润。
        2001年3月6日ABB集团新一任总裁兼首席执行官 — 约根·森特曼 Jürgen Centerman .
 
  ABB集团(ABB Group)是一家较为典型的跨国集团公司,这首先表现在其董事会的组成上。董事会由9人组成,分别来自瑞士、瑞典、德国、美国、卢森堡等国,反映了不同国家的资本在ABB集团的参股情况。集团总经理兼首席执行官和副首席执行官参加董事会会议,但没有表决权。董事会下设管理执行委员会,由13位委员组成,主任由总经理担任。除了总经理和副首席执行官外,其他11位委员都是执行副总经理,各负责一部分工作。
  ABB集团的跨国性最主要地体现在它的业务遍及世界各地,在各地设有工厂和分支机构,销售收入亦来自世界各地。1991年,它的总销售额达288亿美元,其中约 173亿美元来自西欧各国,52亿美元来自北美,43亿美元来自亚、澳,19亿美元来自拉美、非洲和东欧。销售收入超过5亿美元的国家就有:美国、德国、英国、意大利、挪威、瑞典、丹麦、芬兰、法国、西班牙、瑞士、加拿大、日本、澳大利亚。ABB集团共有职员21.4万多名,其中约14万名在西欧各国,3 万余名在北美,2万余名在亚、澳,近2万名在其它地区。雇员超过1万名的国家有:德国、美国、意大利、瑞典、瑞士、挪威等国。因此,ABB集团是一家名符其实的跨国性集团公司.
  目前,ABB 集团已成功地在大多数欧洲国家站稳了脚跟。随着中欧和东欧包括独联体的开放,ABB 集团又把目光投向了这片亟待开垦的土壤。它在东欧新购买的公司已逐步迈向正轨,并拥有大规模的技术转换计划和员工培训计划,生产率和产品质量已迅速地达到了ABB集团的西欧标准。许多在中欧和东欧的进一步兼并和合资经营计划正在研究或协商。ABB 相信,虽然现在还存在一些困难,但从长远来看,在中欧和东欧的投资会为ABB集团的经营做出贡献。北美约占ABB集团30%的业务,并在动力、工业和环境控制方面形成了雄厚的实力。正在呈现出贸易自由化的美国、加拿大和墨西哥共同市场,将为 ABB 集团带来新的机会。再有两三年,ABB 集团在美国的经营活动将达到集团的平均利润水平。ABB 集团将继续在发展中国家推行其扩张策略,它已在亚洲、澳大利亚、非洲和拉丁美洲雇用了3400人,销售收入达60亿美元。发展中国家在基础设施等方面的紧迫需求,将促使ABB集团从欧洲和北美等地向这些地区出口,并增加在动力、运输、钢、水泥、石化及林业等方面的投资。
  1990 年开始的限制雇佣政策,使集团较好地适应了 1991 年继续萎缩的市场需求。在集团的一些公司中,解雇已是不可避免的事情。排除公司兼并和取消的因素,该集团的员工共减少了 1.3 万人,约占总人数的 6%。为了在经济不景气时提高生产率,员工人数的削减是必须的。
  1991年,ABB集团又举办了一期国际管理培训班。自 1987年底以来,参加过这种培训的管理人员已超过1000人。这种培训对于集团的管理人员了解ABB的政策和提高自身的管理水平,起到了重要的作用。顾客核心计划在整个ABB集团开始实施。它是一项不断调整自己的价值取向和每个员工的方向,以努力做到面向顾客的计划,其基本目标是发挥经营优势,通过缩短生产周期、提高产品质量及改善服务水平,更好地满足顾客的需要。该计划的实施已经显示出了鼓舞人心的成果:质最正在进一步提高,生产及交货时间大为缩短。同时,顾客核心计划对于促进分散经营、提高所有员工的创新能力和热情,也发挥了重要的作用。
  ABB集团的技术力量决定了其产品的质量、成本和市场竞争力。ABB集团是一个以技术为基础的公司,几乎在其所有的业务中,其产品的市场领先地位依赖于其技术上的领先。为了维持技术领先地位,ABB 集团投入巨资用于研究与开发(R&D)。1991年的 R&D 总金额为 23.42 亿美元,约占该集团销售收入的8%。
  为了使集团各下属公司的R&D活动更接近于各公司的实际经营情况,ABB集团给予了各公司R&D研究部门相当的自主性;同时,为了利用ABB集团的规模与潜能,该集团又十分重视各公司R&D研究部门之间的协作,经常把各R&D研究部门组织起来共同进行某些项目的研究。
  世界人口的增长和经济的持续发展,需要更加有效地利用各种能源,这也要求人类本着对环境负责的态度,采取有效的方式进行生产经营活动。目前,人类面临着很多共同的环境问题,如全球变暖、酸雨、臭氧损耗、水污染等等。ABB 集团在承担环境保护方面居世界领先地位,它拥有解决这类问题的技术和组织。ABB 集团研究部门的努力方向侧重于开发出能够解决这类问题的产品,以及防止和处理水污染及危险废物。
  ABB集团(ABB Group)是工业公司中引导环境政策的公司之一,是《国际商务规章》和《能承受的开发规章》的一个缔约者,并且是1992年6月在巴西里约热内卢召开的“联合国环境与开发会议”的一个主要参与者。
  “户外”的环境管理(空气污染控制、资源恢复和工业环境服务)时常与ABB动力产生机构合作,为其用户组装交付尽可能最好的防止空气污染系统。 1990年“美国清洁空气行动”成立以后,设备订单大量增长,还有中欧、东欧及远东缩减空气污染的需求也使订单增长迅速。对废焚化厂的需求正在上升,土壤保护、污水净化和环境检查等市场正显示出强劲的上升势头。人口的增长、经济的发展,以及由此引起的能源需求的增加,将使 ABB集团在未来的10年能够具有高于平均水平的增长率。有效的制造体系、R&D经费的提高及顾客核心计划的实施,将进一步巩固ABB集团在世界动力转换和供给市场上的雄厚地位。 
 ABB Group的产品:
Power Products
Power Products are the key components to transmit and distribute electricity. The division incorporates ABB's manufacturing network for transformers, switchgear, circuit breakers, cables and associated equipment. It also offers all the services needed to ensure products' performance and extend their lifespan. The division is subdivided into three business units.
Power Systems
Power Systems offers turnkey systems and services for power transmission and distribution grids, and for power plants. Substations and substation automation systems are key areas. Additional highlights include flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS), high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems and network management systems. In power generation, Power Systems offers the instrumentation, control and electrification of power plants. The division is subdivided into four business units.
Automation Products
This ABB business serves customers with energy efficient and reliable products to improve customers' productivity, including drives, motors and generators, low voltage products, instrumentation and analytical, and power electronics. More than one million products are shipped daily to end customers and channel partners, spanning a wide range of industry and utility operations, plus commercial and residential buildings.
Process Automation
The main focus of this ABB business is to provide customers with integrated solutions for control, plant optimization, and industry-specific application knowledge. The industries served include oil and gas, power, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, pulp and paper, metals and minerals, marine and turbocharging. Key customer benefits include improved asset productivity and energy savings.


Robotics
ABB is a leading supplier of industrial robots - also providing robot software, peripheral equipment, modular manufacturing cells and service for tasks such as welding, handling, assembly, painting and finishing, picking, packing, palletizing and machine tending. Key markets include automotive, plastics, metal fabrication, foundry, electronics, machine tools, pharmaceutical and food and beverage industries. A strong solutions focus helps manufacturers improve productivity, product quality and worker safety. ABB has installed more than 160,000 robots worldwide. 

  ABB集团(ABB Group)在中国
  ABB集团(ABB Group)与中国的关系可以追溯到上个世纪初的1907年。当时ABB向中国提供了第一台蒸汽锅炉。1974年ABB在香港设立了中国业务部,随后于 1979年在北京设立了永久性办事处。1992年9月在中国投资创办的第一家合资企业 - 厦门ABB开关有限公司. 1994年ABB将中国总部迁至北京,并在1995年正式注册了投资性控股公司-ABB(中国)有限公司。经过多年的快速发展,ABB迄今在中国已拥有26家合资与独资企业、在38多个主要城市设有销售与服务分公司和10,000多名员工,并拥有研发、生产、销售与服务全方位业务。2005年ABB在中国的销售额达24亿美金。中国因此成为ABB全球第二大市场。2003年,ABB在《财富》、雅虎等媒体联合进行的调查中被评为中国10佳“卓越雇主”。2006年初,ABB在中国前程无忧网站(51job)组织的调查中,被大学生们评为最受欢迎的雇主之一。ABB还在2006年初将其全球机器人业务总部移至中国上海。
  ABB集团(ABB Group)在中国通过与当地合作伙伴的密切合作,在输配电、自动化产品和系统等方面都建立起了强大的生产基地。业务包括完整系列的电力变压器和配电变压器;高、中、低压开关应用;电气传动系统和电机等。这些产品已广泛应用于工业和电力行业。ABB追求卓越质量,其企业和产品均已成为业内的基准。 ABB在工程和项目管理方面的能力,表现在金属、制浆、化学、生命科学、汽车工业、电力行业自动化以及建筑系统等多个领域。2006年ABB在中国的销售额达28亿美金,订单总额31亿美金。
  ABB在中国参与了众多国家重点项目的建设,如三峡电站建设和输配电工程、南&水&北*调工程、青藏铁路、北京奥&运工程中的首都国际机场的改扩建项目、变电站项目、轻轨项目等。此外,ABB还为亚洲最大的石化项目-上海赛科、广州地铁、上海地铁、上海通用汽车、宝钢等众多客户提供了可靠的电力或自动化技术解决方案。

NYSE:ABB: ABB Ltd, incorporated in March 5, 1999, is a global provider of power and automation technologies to utility and industry customers. The Company serves electric, gas and water utilities, as well as industrial and commercial customers, with a broad range of products, systems and services for power transmission, distribution and power plant automation. It operates in approximately 100 countries, and has structured its global organization into four regions: Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Middle East and Africa (MEA). The Company operates in five divisions: Power Products, Power Systems, Automation Products, Process Automation and Robotics. During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company sold its Power Lines businesses in Brazil and Mexico. In November 2007, it completed the sale of Lummus Global (Lummus) to Chicago Bridge & Iron Company (CB&I). In April 2007, it completed the sale of Building Systems business in Germany. In May 2007, the Company completed the sale of Jorf Lasfar, a power plant based in Morocco and ST-CMS Electric Company Private Limited (Neyveli), a power plant in India.

 In May 2008, the Company acquired the business of Vectek Electronics, a New Zealand company with technology that improves the quality of the power supply in industrial installations. Vectek Electronics will operate as part of ABB's Automation Products division.

Power Products Division:The Power Products division serves electric, gas and water utilities, as well as industrial and commercial customers, with a range of products and services for power transmission and distribution. The Power Products division manufactures three categories of products: High-voltage Products, Medium-voltage Products and Transformers. The division sells primarily to utilities, distributors, wholesalers, installers and original equipment manufactures (OEMs) in the utilities and power generation industries. The division manufactures distribution transformers (up to 72.5 kilovolts) for use in industrial facilities, commercial buildings and utility distribution networks to step down electrical voltage to the levels needed by end users.

 The Company manufactures and sells a range of distribution transformers, including oil-type, dry-type and special application distribution transformers. It also designs and manufactures power transformers (72.5 to 1000 kilovolts) for utility, transportation and industrial customers, as well as transformer components, such as bushings and tap changers. In the medium-voltage area, the division develops products and systems that reduce outage times and improve power quality and control. It supplies switching equipment both directly to end users, and through distributors and OEMs.

The Power Products division manufactures the principal components of power transmission systems (50 to 800 kilovolts), including air and gas-insulated switchgear, capacitors, high-voltage circuit breakers, grounding switches and instrument transformers. The division also delivers the entire ABB portfolio of low, medium and high-voltage capacitors and surge arresters. Its products and components also include circuit breaker drives and cable accessories.

 The Company competes with Siemens AG, Areva, Schneider Electric, Cooper Industries, Eaton Corporation, Crompton Greaves and Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.

Power Systems Division:The Company’s Power Systems division serves electric, gas and water utilities, as well as industrial and commercial customers, with a range of systems and services for power generation, transmission and distribution. The Power Systems division delivers systems in four areas: grid systems, network management, power generation and substations. The division sells primarily to utilities, engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) companies and power generation industries. For grid systems, the Company provides power systems that are essential to grid reliability, including flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and it also sells high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. The Power Systems division supplies power semiconductor devices to other ABB businesses and to external customers in the power transmission and distribution, drives, and transportation markets.

 The Company’s cable business is specialized in sub-sea cable solutions and land-cables for bulk energy transfer over long distances. Its network systems offering include high-end supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems for power and gas customers. The division also provides wireless and fixed communication systems for power, water and gas utilities, including both operational and corporate communication networks. It offers fiber optics, microwave radio and power line applications for data networking and broadband network management, as well as teleprotection and substation communication networks, and voice switching management systems. In addition, the Power Systems division offers a range of services aimed at reducing the in-house operational and maintenance requirements of utility customers.

 The Company competes with Siemens AG, Areva, Emerson Electric Co., General Electric and Invensys plc.

 Automation Products Division:The Automation Products division provides products, with related services, that are used as components in machinery, switchboards, distribution panels, and building and automation systems. The Automation Products offering covers a range of products and services, including low-voltage switchgear, breakers, switches, control products, DIN-rail components, enclosures, wiring accessories, instrumentation, drives, motors, generators, and power electronics systems. The Automation Products division manufactures low-voltage circuit breakers, switches and control products. It also manufactures instrumentation products to measure and control the flow of fluids.

 This division makes line protection products, wiring accessories and enclosures and cable systems that are primarily used for control and protection in building installations. It also produces European Installation Bus/Powernet systems, which integrate and automate a building’s electrical installations, ventilation, security and data communication networks. This division also provides low-voltage and medium-voltage alternating current (AC) drive products and systems for industrial, commercial and residential applications. The Automation Products division also produces a range of power electronics products. In addition, this division supplies a range of electrical motors and generators, including high-efficiency motors.

 The Company competes with Alstom, Brush Electrical Machines Ltd, Eaton Electric Corporation, Emerson Electric Company, Endress+Hauser, Legrand, Mitsubishi, Rockwell Automation, Schneider Electric, Siemens AG, Yokogawa Electric Corporation and WEG Industries.

Process Automation Division:The Process Automation division provides products, systems, and services for the automation and optimization of industrial processes. Its offering include process automation, plant electrification and quality control systems, analytical measurement devices, turbochargers and marine propulsion and control systems. The Process Automation division offers its products both as separately sold devices and as part of a total automation system. The Process Automation division offers integrated process control systems, plant electrification systems, information management systems and industry-specific application knowledge for a variety of industries, primarily pulp and paper, minerals and mining, metals, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, oil and gas, turbocharging, power and the marine industry.

The Company’s control systems are used in applications, such as batch management, asset optimization, energy management and safety control. This division emphasizes Open Control Systems, including batch control systems, supervisory control and data acquisition systems, and, to a lesser extent, programmable logic controls and remote terminal units. It also offers full-service contracts across all of its customer segments.

The Company competes with Emerson Electric Co., Honeywell, Invensys plc, Metso Automation, Rockwell Automation, Schneider Electric, Siemens AG, Voith AG, Aspen Technologies and Yokogawa Electric Corporation.

Robotics Division:The Company’s Robotics division offers robot products, systems and service for the automotive and manufacturing industries. The division develops standardized manufacturing cells for machine tending, welding, cutting, painting and finishing and provides packaged systems to automobile manufacturers for press automation, paint process automation and power train assembly. The division also provides a range of robotics services, from product maintenance to system design. Its services include design and project management, engineering, installation, training and life-cycle care of the complete production line.

 The Company competes with Fanuc, Kuka and Yaskawa Electric Corporation.

关键词:ABB

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